IPC 202 → BNS 239: Omission to Information

Quick Summary: IPC 202 vs BNS 239

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, in force since 1 July 2024, has replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. IPC 202 addresses omission to information, part of the IPC's offences against public justice — false evidence, fabrication, screening offenders and similar interference with the justice process. These are carried into the BNS with the same structure, and omission to information is now prosecuted as BNS 239, protecting the integrity of investigations and trials in its own right.

What did IPC 202 cover?

IPC 202 dealt with omission to information — intentional omission to give information of offence by person bound to inform. Until 30 June 2024, every FIR and criminal trial for this offence was registered and prosecuted under this provision of the Indian Penal Code 1860.

BNS 239: What changed in the new law?

No major change. From 1 July 2024, new complaints relating to omission to information are filed under BNS Section 239, while cases registered earlier continue under the old IPC provision as per the saving clause of the BNS.

Punishment under BNS 239

Same - Up to 6 months

Practical implications for advocates, police & citizens

• Advocates: In a omission to information matter, intention and the materiality of the false statement are decisive; ensure the complaint cites BNS 239 and meets the pre-conditions for prosecuting court-related offences.
• Police officers: Document the false statement or fabricated evidence precisely — the omission to information offence is now BNS 239.
• Law students & citizens: Lying on oath, forging evidence or helping an offender escape — the conduct behind omission to information — is punishable separately from the main case.