IPC 181 → BNS 216: False Statement on Oath

Quick Summary: IPC 181 vs BNS 216

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, in force since 1 July 2024, has replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. IPC 181 (False Statement on Oath) belongs to the IPC's offences relating to public servants and lawful authority — conduct by or against public servants, election offences and contempt of official authority. The corruption-type provisions sit alongside the Prevention of Corruption Act, and the BNS renumbers the residual offence covering false statement on oath as BNS 216.

What did IPC 181 cover?

IPC 181 dealt with false statement on oath — false statement on oath or affirmation to public servant or person authorized to administer an oath. Until 30 June 2024, every FIR and criminal trial for this offence was registered and prosecuted under this provision of the Indian Penal Code 1860.

BNS 216: What changed in the new law?

No major change. From 1 July 2024, new complaints relating to false statement on oath are filed under BNS Section 216, while cases registered earlier continue under the old IPC provision as per the saving clause of the BNS.

Punishment under BNS 216

Same - Up to 3 years

Practical implications for advocates, police & citizens

• Advocates: For false statement on oath, check whether the conduct is prosecuted under BNS 216 or a special statute, and whether prior sanction is required.
• Police officers: Identify the precise duty obstructed or benefit obtained in the false statement on oath matter and cite BNS 216 in the new FIR.
• Law students & citizens: Giving or taking illegal gratification, impersonating an official, or obstructing public duty — the kind of conduct behind false statement on oath — all fall in this group.