IPC 326A → BNS 124(1): Acid Attack

Quick Summary: IPC 326A vs BNS 124(1)

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, in force since 1 July 2024, has replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. IPC 326A deals with acid attack, part of the IPC's offences affecting the human body — homicide, hurt, wrongful restraint, criminal force, kidnapping and sexual offences, the largest group in the code. The BNS renumbers acid attack as BNS 124(1) and, for several sexual and grievous-hurt offences, enhances the punishment.

What did IPC 326A cover?

IPC 326A dealt with acid attack — voluntarily causing grievous hurt by use of acid, etc.. Until 30 June 2024, every FIR and criminal trial for this offence was registered and prosecuted under this provision of the Indian Penal Code 1860.

BNS 124(1): What changed in the new law?

Gender neutral language. From 1 July 2024, new complaints relating to acid attack are filed under BNS Section 124(1), while cases registered earlier continue under the old IPC provision as per the saving clause of the BNS.

Punishment under BNS 124(1)

Same - Minimum 10 years to Life

Practical implications for advocates, police & citizens

• Advocates: For acid attack, the grading of the offence — and therefore bail and forum — turns on intention, the degree of hurt and aggravating factors; map IPC 326A carefully to BNS 124(1).
• Police officers: Record the nature and degree of injury and the weapon or means used; a new acid attack FIR is filed under BNS 124(1).
• Law students & citizens: Punishment for acid attack rises sharply with the seriousness of the harm and the victim — the IPC 326A to BNS 124(1) change does not lower it.