IPC 203 → BNS 240: False Information (Offence)

Quick Summary: IPC 203 vs BNS 240

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023, in force since 1 July 2024, has replaced the colonial-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860. IPC 203 addresses false information (offence), part of the IPC's offences against public justice — false evidence, fabrication, screening offenders and similar interference with the justice process. These are carried into the BNS with the same structure, and false information (offence) is now prosecuted as BNS 240, protecting the integrity of investigations and trials in its own right.

What did IPC 203 cover?

IPC 203 dealt with false information (offence) — giving false information respecting an offence committed. Until 30 June 2024, every FIR and criminal trial for this offence was registered and prosecuted under this provision of the Indian Penal Code 1860.

BNS 240: What changed in the new law?

No major change. From 1 July 2024, new complaints relating to false information (offence) are filed under BNS Section 240, while cases registered earlier continue under the old IPC provision as per the saving clause of the BNS.

Punishment under BNS 240

Same - Up to 2 years

Practical implications for advocates, police & citizens

• Advocates: In a false information (offence) matter, intention and the materiality of the false statement are decisive; ensure the complaint cites BNS 240 and meets the pre-conditions for prosecuting court-related offences.
• Police officers: Document the false statement or fabricated evidence precisely — the false information (offence) offence is now BNS 240.
• Law students & citizens: Lying on oath, forging evidence or helping an offender escape — the conduct behind false information (offence) — is punishable separately from the main case.